Denver DBS Center takes an evidence-based approach, basing all our recommendations on the most current research. We also believe it’s important for you to have access to research and resources as you make decisions about your care and deep brain stimulation.
DBS Research and Resources
Below are DBS research and resources based on condition. The research is referenced throughout the website and in brochures and guides.
- Research specific to Asleep DBS
- Research specific to DBS
- Research specific to DBS for Parkinson's disease
- Research specific to DBS for epilepsy
- Research specific to DBS for essential tremor
- Research specific to DBS for dystonia
- Resources for Parkinson's patients
- Resources for epilepsy patients
- Resources for essential tremor patients
- Resources for dystonia patients
Treatments for this Condition
Research specific to Asleep DBS
A study finds that the costs of asleep DBS and awake DBS are comparable with cost variation being greater among awake DBS procedures. The research also shows that DBS performed at a single US academic health center to compare favorably to costs across the University HealthSystem Consortium (UHC) Clinical Database.
- Jacob, R. L., Geddes, J., et al. Cost analysis of awake versus asleep deep brain stimulation: a single academic health center experience. J Neurosurgery. November 2015.
Research published in the Journal of Neurosurgery shows that initial results of asleep ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM) DBS for essential tremor deem the procedure as safe and effective as the traditional awake DBS procedure for essential tremor. The study also shows lead placement errors to be slightly less in asleep DBS than awake DBS. Additional studies are underway to build upon these findings.
- Chen, T., Mirzadeh, Z., et al. “Asleep” deep brain stimulation for essential tremor. J Neurosurgery. November 2015.
Study shows significantly improved outcomes for patients undergoing Asleep DBS with lead placement guided by computed tomography (CT).
- Mirzadeh Z., Chapple K., et al. Parkinson’s disease outcomes after intraoperative CT-guided “asleep” deep brain stimulation in the globus pallidus internus. J Neurosurg. October 2015.
Study looking at potential inaccuracy of traditional microelectrode recording (MER) as a tool for assessing lead placement during Awake DBS, providing support for Asleep DBS.
- Holloway, K, Docef, A. A quantitative assessment of the accuracy and reliability of O-arm images for deep brain stimulation surgery. Neurosurgery. March 2013.
The accuracy of Asleep DBS is supported by a study involving 309 patients that found leads placed with MER reach the intended target area only 64% of the time.
- Marie-Laure Welter, MD, PhD, Michael Schüpbach, MD, et al. Optimal target localization for subthalamic stimulation in patients with Parkinson disease. Neurology. April 2014.
Research specific to DBS
A research paper written by Denver DBS Center founder, David VanSickle, MD, PhD, highlights the observable and unobservable errors present in traditional microelectrode recording (MER) compared to Mazor Renaissance Guidance System with CereTom CT image verification when conducting deep brain stimulation (DBS).
- VanSickle, David P. Accuracy of Robotic Guided Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson’s Disease. November 2014.
Research specific to DBS for Parkinson's disease
DBS may extend survival time of of patients suffering from Parkinson’s disease, according to research conducted at at the Edward Hines, Jr. VA Hospital in Hines, Illinois.
- Deep Brain Stimulation May Help Parkinson’s Patients Live Longer, Study Shows, Parkinson’s News Today, Jan. 8, 2018
- Weaver FM, Stroupe KT, et al. Survival in patients with Parkinson’s disease after deep brain stimulation or medical management. Mov Disord. 2017 Dec;32(12):1756-1763. doi: 10.1002/mds.27235. Epub 2017 Nov 18.
Compared to medications, DBS significantly improves motor symptoms and quality of life for people with advanced Parkinson’s disease. DBS is also found effective for at least 10 years.
- Deuschl G, Agid Y. Subthalamic neurostimulation for Parkinson’s disease with early fluctuations: balancing the risks and benefits. Lancet. 2013 Oct;12(10):1025-34
DBS may extend life for Parkinson’s patients.
- Ngoga D, Mitchell R, Kausar J, et al. Deep brain stimulation improves survival in severe Parkinson’s disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2013;[Epub ahead of print]
DBS in the earlier stages of Parkinson’s disease is effective, contrary to earlier recommendations that patients must have the disease for at least seven years to benefit.
- Schuepbach WM, Rau J, Knudsen K, et al. Neurostimulation for Parkinson’s disease with early motor complications. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(7):610-22.
DBS in patients under general anesthesia (asleep) using the traditional procedure found as safe and effective as the procedure performed under local anesthesia (awake).
- Harries AM, Kausar J, Roberts SA, et al. Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus for advanced Parkinson’s disease using general anesthesia: long-term results. Journal of Neurosurgery. 2012;116(1);107-113.
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) plus medications can nearly double the number of “on” hours without dyskinesia each day.
- Weaver F, Follet K, Stern M, et al. Bilateral deep brain stimulation vs. best medical therapy for patients with advanced Parkinson disease: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2009;301(1):63-73.
- Deuschl G, Schade-Brittinger C, Krack P, et al. A randomized trial of deep-brain stimulation for Parkinson’s disease. N Engl J Med. 2006;355(9):896-908.
- Williams A, Gill S, Varma T, et al. Deep brain stimulation plus best medical therapy versus best medical therapy along for advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD SURG trial): a randomised, open-label trial. Lancet Neurol. 2010;9:581-591.
- Weaver FM, Follett KA, Stern M, Luo P, Harris CL, Hur K, et al. Randomized trial of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson disease: thirty-six month outcomes. Neurology. 2012;79:55-65.
DBS is more effective than medications in controlling tremors in patients with Parkinson’s disease.
- Schuepbach WM, Rau J, Knudsen K, et al. Neurostimulation for Parkinson’s disease with early motor complications. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(7):610-22.
DBS results in a nearly 50% average reduction in medication compared to medical therapy alone.
- Weaver F, Follet K, Stern M, et al. Bilateral deep brain stimulation vs. best medical therapy for patients with advanced Parkinson disease: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2009;301(1):63-73.
The initial cost of DBS is offset by savings in medications by patients with Parkinson’s disease in less than two years after the procedure.
- Valldeoriola F, Puig-Junoy J, Puig-Peiró R; Workgroup of the SCOPE study. Cost analysis of the treatments for patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease: SCOPE study. J Med Econ. 2013;16(2):191-201.
Improvement in all motor symptoms—rigidity, tremor, facial expression, freezing—leads to improvements in quality of life, bodily discomfort and emotional well-being.
- Deuschl G, Schade-Brittinger C, Krack P, et al. A randomized trial of deep-brain stimulation for Parkinson’s disease. N Engl J Med. 2006;355(9):896-908.
Research specific to DBS for epilepsy
Learn more about epilepsy surgery research on the epilepsy research and resources page.
Research specific to DBS for essential tremor
Research published in the Journal of Neurosurgery shows that initial results of asleep ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM) DBS for essential tremor deem the procedure as safe and effective as the traditional awake DBS procedure for essential tremor. The study also shows lead placement errors to be slightly less in asleep DBS than awake DBS. Additional studies are underway to build upon these findings.
- Chen, T., Mirzadeh, Z., et al. “Asleep” deep brain stimulation for essential tremor. J Neurosurgery. November 2015.
DBS has been shown to effectively suppress essential tremor for more than six years after implantation.
- Rehncrona S, Johnels B, Widner H, Tornqvist AL, Hariz M, Sydow O. Long-term efficacy of thalamic deep brain stimulation for tremor: double-blind assessments. Movement Disorders. 2003;18:163-170.
Research specific to DBS for dystonia
DBS reduces medication use for dystonia patients.
- Kupsch A, Benecke R, muller J, et al. Pallidal deep-brain stimulation in primary generalized for segmental dystonia. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:1978-90.
Resources for Parkinson's patients
Dealing with Parkinson’s disease is not something you should ever have to experience alone. At Denver DBS Center, we aim to provide you with as much information and resources so that you can make an informed decision about treating your Parkinson’s symptoms and whether or not to pursue deep brain stimulation.
Below are websites, blogs and videos that we recommend to help you understand more about your disease and treatment.
- Parkinson’s Association of the Rockies
- American Parkinson Disease Association, Inc
- National Parkinson Foundation, Inc.
- Parkinson’s Disease Foundation (PDF)
- The Parkinson Alliance
- Michael J. Fox Foundation
- Davis Phinney Foundation for Parkinson’s
- Parkinson’s Action Network (PAN)
- Medtronic DBS Therapy Videos
- DBS Therapy for Parkinson’s Disease — Refuse to Surrender
- Littleton Adventist Hospital
- Sky Ridge Medical Center
These sites and resources are not managed by Denver DBS Center.
Resources for epilepsy patients
Learn more about epilepsy resources on the epilepsy research and resources page.
Resources for essential tremor patients
Essential tremor, although not life-threatening, can interfere with patients’ quality of life and be isolating. While deep brain stimulation (DBS) greatly reduces the symptoms of essential tremor, there is no greater resource for dealing with the movement disorder than the support of others with similar challenges. At Denver DBS Center, we are committed to offering comprehensive information and support for essential tremor patients in Denver, Colorado, and throughout the Rocky Mountain region.
Below are websites, blogs, and videos that we recommend to help you understand more about your disorder and treatment options.
- International Essential Tremor Foundation
- Tremor Talk: The International Essential Tremor Foundation Blog
- Medtronic DBS Therapy for Essential Tremor
- HopeNET: A Guiding Light For Those Affected By Essential Tremor
- Littleton Adventist Hospital
- Sky Ridge Medical Center
These sites and resources are not managed by Denver DBS Center.
Resources for dystonia patients
Denver DBS Center is committed to providing comprehensive information and support for dystonia patients in Denver, Colorado, and throughout the Rocky Mountain region.
Below are websites, blogs, and videos that we recommend to help you understand more about dystonia and treatment options.
- Dystonia Medical Research Foundation
- The Dystonia Coalition
- American Dystonia Society
- Littleton Adventist Hospital
- Sky Ridge Medical Center
These sites and resources are not managed by Denver DBS Center.